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Compare Tromelin Island (2002) - Togo (2005)
Compare Tromelin Island (2002) z Togo (2005)
| Tromelin Island (2002) | Togo (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | 5 regions (regions, singular - region); Kara, Plateaux, Savanes, Centrale, Maritime |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years: 43.2% (male 1,232,759/female 1,224,060)
15-64 years: 54.2% (male 1,505,737/female 1,571,201) 65 years and over: 2.6% (male 60,799/female 86,963) (2005 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish |
| Airports | 1 (2001) | 9 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
total: 7
914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 1 sq km
land: 1 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 56,785 sq km
land: 54,385 sq km water: 2,400 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 1.7 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | slightly smaller than West Virginia |
| Background | First explored by the French in 1776, the island came under the jurisdiction of Reunion in 1814. At present, it serves as a sea turtle sanctuary and is the site of an important meteorological station. | French Togoland became Togo in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, continued to rule well into the 21st century. Despite the facade of multiparty elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government continued to be dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party maintained power almost continually since 1967. Togo has come under fire from international organizations for human rights abuses and is plagued by political unrest. While most bilateral and multilateral aid to Togo remains frozen, the European Union initiated a partial resumption of cooperation and development aid to Togo in late 2004. Upon his death in February 2005, President EYADEMA was succeeded by his son Faure GNASSINGBE. The succession, supported by the military and in contravention of the nation's constitution, was challenged by popular protest and a threat of sanctions from regional leaders. GNASSINGBE succumbed to pressure and agreed to hold elections in late April 2005. |
| Birth rate | - | 33.48 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues: $239.2 million
expenditures: $273.3 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.) |
| Capital | - | Lome |
| Climate | tropical | tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north |
| Coastline | 3.7 km | 56 km |
| Constitution | - | multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992, adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tromelin Island local long form: none local short form: Ile Tromelin |
conventional long form: Togolese Republic
conventional short form: Togo local long form: Republique Togolaise local short form: none former: French Togoland |
| Death rate | - | 11.8 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $1.4 billion (2000) |
| Dependency status | possession of France; administered by a high commissioner of the Republic, resident in Reunion | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | chief of mission: Ambassador Gregory ENGLE
embassy: Angle Rue Kouenou and Rue 15 Beniglato, Lome mailing address: B. P. 852, Lome telephone: [228] 221 29 91 through 221 29 94 FAX: [228] 221 79 52 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | - | chief of mission: Ambassador Akoussoulelou BODJONA
chancery: 2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4212 FAX: [1] (202) 232-3190 |
| Disputes - international | claimed by Madagascar and Mauritius | in 2001 Benin claimed Togo moved boundary monuments - joint commission continues to resurvey the boundary |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | ODA $80 million (2000 est.) |
| Economy - overview | no economic activity | This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate about 40% of export earnings, with cotton being the most important cash crop. Togo is the world's fourth-largest producer of phosphate, but production fell an estimated 22% in 2002 due to power shortages and the cost of developing new deposits. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has moved slowly. Progress depends on following through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress toward legislative elections, and continued support from foreign donors. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 451.2 million kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 350 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by Ghana (2002) |
| Electricity - production | - | 108.8 million kWh (2002) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 7 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Agou 986 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | - | native African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1% |
| Exchange rates | - | Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000) |
| Executive branch | - | chief of state: President Faure GNASSINGBE (since 6 February 2005); note - Gnassingbe EYADEMA died on 5 February 2005 and was succeeded by his son, Faure GNASSINGBE; popular elections in April 2005 validated the succession
head of government: Prime Minister Edem KODJO (since 8 June 2005) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held NA); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Faure GNASSINGBE elected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE 60.2%, Emmanuel Akitani BOB 38.3%, Nicolas LAWSON 1.0%, Harry OLYMPIO 0.6% |
| Exports | - | NA |
| Exports - commodities | - | reexports, cotton, phosphates, coffee, cocoa |
| Exports - partners | - | Burkina Faso 16.4%, Ghana 15.1%, Benin 9.4%, Mali 7.6%, China 7.5%, India 5.6% (2004) |
| Fiscal year | - | calendar year |
| Flag description | the flag of France is used | five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture: 39.5%
industry: 20.4% services: 40.1% (2003 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2004 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | 3% (2004 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 15 52 S, 54 25 E | 8 00 N, 1 10 E |
| Geography - note | climatologically important location for forecasting cyclones; wildlife sanctuary (seabirds, tortoises) | the country's length allows it to stretch through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna |
| Highways | - | total: 7,520 km
paved: 2,376 km unpaved: 5,144 km (1999 est.) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Illicit drugs | - | transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers; money laundering not a significant problem |
| Imports | - | NA |
| Imports - commodities | - | machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products |
| Imports - partners | - | China 25.5%, India 13.3%, France 11.5% (2004) |
| Independence | - | 27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA |
| Industries | - | phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages |
| Infant mortality rate | - | total: 66.61 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 74.24 deaths/1,000 live births female: 58.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 1% (2004 est.) |
| International organization participation | - | ABEDA, ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO |
| Irrigated land | 0 sq km (1998 est.) | 70 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | - | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme |
| Labor force | - | 1.74 million (1996) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | agriculture 65%, industry 5%, services 30% (1998 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total: 1,647 km
border countries: Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (grasses; scattered bushes) (1998 est.) |
arable land: 46.15%
permanent crops: 2.21% other: 51.64% (2001) |
| Languages | - | French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north) |
| Legal system | the laws of France, where applicable, apply | French-based court system |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 27 October 2002 (next to be held NA 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPT 72, RSDD 3, UDPS 2, Juvento 2, MOCEP 1, independents 1 note: two opposition parties boycotted the election, the Union of the Forces for Change, and the Action Committee for Renewal |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population: 57.01 years
male: 55.02 years female: 59.06 years (2005 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 60.9% male: 75.4% female: 46.9% (2003 est.) |
| Location | Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar | Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana |
| Map references | Africa | Africa |
| Maritime claims | continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 30 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | - | total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 3,918 GRT/3,852 DWT
by type: cargo 1, refrigerated cargo 1 (2005) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of France | - |
| Military branches | - | Togolese Armed Forces (FAT): Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie (2005) |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $35.5 million (2004) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 1.9% (2004) |
| National holiday | - | Independence Day, 27 April (1960) |
| Nationality | - | noun: Togolese (singular and plural)
adjective: Togolese |
| Natural hazards | NA | hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts |
| Natural resources | fish | phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land |
| Net migration rate | - | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | - | Juvento [Monsilia DJATO]; Movement of the Believers of Peace and Equality or MOCEP [leader NA]; Rally for the Support for Development and Democracy or RSDD [Harry OLYMPIO]; Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [Faure GNASSINGBE]; Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Gagou KOKOU]
note: Rally of the Togolese People or RPT, led by President GNASSINGBE, was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991 |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | NA |
| Population | uninhabited, except for visits by scientists (July 2002 est.) | 5,681,519
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | 32% (1989 est.) |
| Population growth rate | - | 2.17% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | Kpeme, Lome |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (1998) |
| Railways | - | total: 568 km
narrow gauge: 568 km 1.000-m gauge (2004) |
| Religions | - | indigenous beliefs 51%, Christian 29%, Muslim 20% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2005 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | NA years of age; universal adult |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment: fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile cellular system
domestic: microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system; cellular system has capacity of 10,000 telephones international: country code - 228; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Symphonie |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 60,600 (2003) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 220,000 (2003) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 3 (plus two repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | low, flat, and sandy; likely volcanic | gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes |
| Total fertility rate | - | 4.61 children born/woman (2005 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | NA (2003 est.) |
| Waterways | none | 50 km (seasonally on Mono River depending on rainfall) (2003) |
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